Netherlands-China Bilateral Trade Analysis 2023
Complete trade statistics: $88.72B total volume •Netherlands deficit: $52.05B
Netherlands → China
$18.34B
Exports (2023)
China → Netherlands
$70.38B
Imports (2023)
Trade Balance
$52.05B
Deficit for Netherlands
Total Trade
$88.72B
Combined Volume
Trade Flow Visualization
Direct trade relationship between Netherlands and China. Green line shows exports from Netherlands, red line shows imports.
Detailed Product Trade Analysis
Comprehensive breakdown of trade flows by product category, revealing the specialized nature of the Netherlands-China commercial relationship and competitive positioning in global markets.
Netherlands → China Exports
Export Market Intelligence
🎯 Strategic Export Focus
Netherlands's export portfolio to China demonstrates strong diversification across multiple sectors, with machines and apparatus of a kind used solely or principally for the manufacture of semiconductor devices or of electronic integrated circuits representing a key competitive advantage in this bilateral market.
China → Netherlands Imports
Import Dependency Profile
📦 Import Strategy Analysis
Netherlands's import pattern from China reveals significant dependencyin automatic data processing machines: portable, weighing not more than 10kg, consisting of at least a central processing unit, a keyboard and a display, highlighting complementary economic structures and potential supply chain optimization opportunities.
Competitive Trade Position Analysis
Market Leadership
Netherlands demonstrates competitive strength in exportingmachines and apparatus of a kind used solely or principally for the manufacture of semiconductor devices or of electronic integrated circuits to China, leveraging comparative advantages.
Trade Complementarity
The bilateral relationship showsmoderatecomplementarity, with each country specializing in different sectors.
Growth Potential
The $88.72B trade volume indicates substantial economic integration with room for expansion in emerging sectors.
Executive Summary: Netherlands-China Trade Relationship
Key Trade Highlights 2023
- Total Trade Volume: $88.72 billionrepresenting a significant bilateral economic relationship
- Trade Balance: Netherlands maintains a deficit of $52.05 billion
- Export Focus: Netherlands's primary exports include machines and apparatus of a kind used solely or principally for the manufacture of semiconductor devices or of electronic integrated circuits, food preparations: of flour, meal, starch, malt extract or milk products, suitable for infants or young children, put up for retail sale, electronic integrated circuits: processors and controllers, whether or not combined with memories, converters, logic circuits, amplifiers, clock and timing circuits, or other circuits
- Import Dependencies: Key imports from China include automatic data processing machines: portable, weighing not more than 10kg, consisting of at least a central processing unit, a keyboard and a display, communication apparatus (excluding telephone sets or base stations): machines for the reception, conversion and transmission or regeneration of voice, images or other data, including switching and routing apparatus, electrical apparatus: photosensitive, including photovoltaic cells, whether or not assembled in modules or made up into panels, light-emitting diodes (led)
Strategic Trade Indicators
📈 Market Position: This bilateral trade relationship represents one of the world's largest trade partnerships, with complementary economic strengths driving sustained commercial exchange.
Historical Trade Analysis & Economic Context
Trade Evolution Timeline
2019-2023: Recent Trends
Current trade volume of $88.72B represents the culmination of evolving bilateral commercial relationships, influenced by global supply chain shifts and changing economic priorities.
2015-2019: Growth Period
Sustained expansion in bilateral trade driven by complementary economic structures, with Netherlands leveraging its comparative advantages in machines and apparatus of a kind used solely or principally for the manufacture of semiconductor devices or of electronic integrated circuits.
2010-2015: Foundation Building
Establishment of modern trade frameworks and reduction of barriers, facilitating increased commercial exchange and investment flows between the two economies.
Pre-2010: Early Development
Initial stages of bilateral trade relationship development, with focus on traditional export-import patterns and gradual market integration.
Key Economic Drivers
Comparative Advantage
Netherlands's specialization in machines and apparatus of a kind used solely or principally for the manufacture of semiconductor devices or of electronic integrated circuitscomplements China's demand patterns, creating natural trade synergies.
Supply Chain Integration
Deep integration in global value chains has strengthened bilateral linkages, particularly in automatic data processing machines: portable, weighing not more than 10kg, consisting of at least a central processing unit, a keyboard and a display.
Market Access & Trade Policy
Favorable trade agreements and market access conditions have facilitated the growth of this $88.72B bilateral relationship.
Trade Pattern Insights
Trade Relationship Outlook
The $88.72B bilateral trade volume positions this relationship for continued growth, supported by technological advancement, evolving consumer preferences, and strengthening economic ties. Key opportunities lie in expanding cooperation in emerging sectors while managing potential supply chain vulnerabilities.
Economic Impact & Strategic Outlook
Economic Impact Assessment
Trade Volume Impact
The $88.72 billion bilateral trade volume represents a major economic driverfor both economies.
Industrial Integration
Trade flows in machines and apparatus of a kind used solely or principally for the manufacture of semiconductor devices or of electronic integrated circuits and automatic data processing machines: portable, weighing not more than 10kg, consisting of at least a central processing unit, a keyboard and a display demonstrate deep industrial linkages and supply chain integration.
Trade Balance Effects
Netherlands's trade deficit of $52.05 billion impacts its overall economic position in this bilateral relationship.
Strategic Future Outlook
🚀Growth Opportunities
⚠️Risk Factors
🎯Strategic Recommendations
- Strengthen cooperation in high-value sectors beyond current trade patterns
- Develop alternative supply chains to reduce dependency risks
- Explore joint ventures in emerging technology sectors
- Enhance trade facilitation and reduce transaction costs
Market Position & Competitive Summary
The bilateral trade relationship between Netherlands and China represents a total trade volume of $88.72 billion in 2023. This partnership demonstrates an unfavorable trade balance for Netherlands, with imports exceeding exportsby $52.05 billion.
Export Strengths
Netherlands's exports to China total $18.34 billion, with competitive advantages in machines and apparatus of a kind used solely or principally for the manufacture of semiconductor devices or of electronic integrated circuits, representing $6.84B or37.3% of bilateral exports.
Import Dependencies
Imports from China amount to $70.38 billion, highlighting economic interdependence in automatic data processing machines: portable, weighing not more than 10kg, consisting of at least a central processing unit, a keyboard and a display, with Automatic data processing machines: portable, weighing not more than 10kg, consisting of at least a central processing unit, a keyboard and a display comprising7.8% of total imports.
The trade relationship reflects broader economic patterns and comparative advantages. The trade deficit indicates Netherlands's strategic sourcing from China. This partnership is characterized by complementary trade flows, with each country specializing in different product categories based on their respective economic strengths, industrial capabilities, and position in global value chains.
Download Bilateral Trade Data
Access detailed trade data between Netherlands and China in multiple formats.
Data Source: CEPII BACI (Base pour l'Analyse du Commerce International) • Last Updated: January 2025 • Coverage: 1995-2023